By setting heart rate limits, you can make your training much more meaningful (and effective) when you can train the desired attribute. The key is to determine your maximum heart rate, aerobic threshold and anaerobic threshold. Maximum heart rate is simply the highest heart rate that can be achieved during maximal exertion.
The aerobic threshold is the heart rate at which lactic acid begins to form in your muscles but can still be burned off. The aerobic threshold is less than 70% of the maximum heart rate (a calculation of the heart rate threshold is given later in this article).